Disentangling the Racial Test Score Gap in a Large Urban School District: The Contribution of School

Publication Date: December 2007

Publisher: Furman Center for Real Estate

Author(s): Ingrid Gould Ellen; Amy Ellen Schwartz; Leanna Stiefel

Research Area: Education

Keywords: race; schools; Community and Economic Development

Type: Article

Abstract:

We examine the size and distribution of the gap in test scores across races within New York City public schools and the factors that explain these gaps. While gaps are partially explained by differences in student characteristics, such as poverty, differences in schools attended are also important. At the same time, substantial within-school gaps remain and are only partly explained by differences in academic preparation across students from different race groups. Controlling for differences in classrooms attended explains little of the remaining gap, suggesting little role for within-school inequities in resources. There is some evidence that school characteristics matter. Race gaps are negatively correlated with school size—implying small schools may be helpful. In addition, the trade-off between the size and experience of the teaching staff in urban schools may carry unintended consequences for within-school race gaps.