Land Exchanges: Bureau of Land Management Process and Issues

Publication Date: November 2004

Publisher: Library of Congress. Congressional Research Service

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Research Area: Environment

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Abstract:

Land exchanges are the primary means for the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) to acquire and dispose of land. The land exchange process typically has three phases: scoping, documentation (including appraisal), and title transfer. Land exchanges have been controversial for years. Recent audits have raised concerns regarding the benefits to the public, determinations of market value, and contradictions in policies and procedures. In response, BLM has implemented changes to the appraisal and exchange processes, with additional reforms underway. The effect of these changes is not fully clear. There remains a difference of opinion on the usefulness of land exchanges. This report will be updated as circumstances warrant.